Python/graphs/check_bipartite_graph_bfs.py

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# Check whether Graph is Bipartite or Not using BFS
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# A Bipartite Graph is a graph whose vertices can be divided into two independent sets,
# U and V such that every edge (u, v) either connects a vertex from U to V or a vertex
# from V to U. In other words, for every edge (u, v), either u belongs to U and v to V,
# or u belongs to V and v to U. We can also say that there is no edge that connects
# vertices of same set.
from queue import Queue
def check_bipartite(graph):
queue = Queue()
visited = [False] * len(graph)
color = [-1] * len(graph)
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def bfs():
while not queue.empty():
u = queue.get()
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visited[u] = True
for neighbour in graph[u]:
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if neighbour == u:
return False
if color[neighbour] == -1:
color[neighbour] = 1 - color[u]
queue.put(neighbour)
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elif color[neighbour] == color[u]:
return False
return True
for i in range(len(graph)):
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if not visited[i]:
queue.put(i)
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color[i] = 0
if bfs() is False:
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return False
return True
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if __name__ == "__main__":
# Adjacency List of graph
print(check_bipartite({0: [1, 3], 1: [0, 2], 2: [1, 3], 3: [0, 2]}))