Python/graphs/bi_directional_dijkstra.py

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Bi directional dijkstra (#7982) * Added Bi-Directional Dijkstra * Added Bi-Directional Dijkstra * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Added doctest and type hints * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Rename Bi_directional_Dijkstra.py to bi_directional_dijkstra.py * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci * Update bi_directional_dijkstra.py * [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
2022-11-20 10:55:58 +00:00
"""
Bi-directional Dijkstra's algorithm.
A bi-directional approach is an efficient and
less time consuming optimization for Dijkstra's
searching algorithm
Reference: shorturl.at/exHM7
"""
# Author: Swayam Singh (https://github.com/practice404)
from queue import PriorityQueue
from typing import Any
import numpy as np
def bidirectional_dij(
source: str, destination: str, graph_forward: dict, graph_backward: dict
) -> int:
"""
Bi-directional Dijkstra's algorithm.
Returns:
shortest_path_distance (int): length of the shortest path.
Warnings:
If the destination is not reachable, function returns -1
>>> bidirectional_dij("E", "F", graph_fwd, graph_bwd)
3
"""
shortest_path_distance = -1
visited_forward = set()
visited_backward = set()
cst_fwd = {source: 0}
cst_bwd = {destination: 0}
parent_forward = {source: None}
parent_backward = {destination: None}
queue_forward: PriorityQueue[Any] = PriorityQueue()
queue_backward: PriorityQueue[Any] = PriorityQueue()
shortest_distance = np.inf
queue_forward.put((0, source))
queue_backward.put((0, destination))
if source == destination:
return 0
while queue_forward and queue_backward:
while not queue_forward.empty():
_, v_fwd = queue_forward.get()
if v_fwd not in visited_forward:
break
else:
break
visited_forward.add(v_fwd)
while not queue_backward.empty():
_, v_bwd = queue_backward.get()
if v_bwd not in visited_backward:
break
else:
break
visited_backward.add(v_bwd)
# forward pass and relaxation
for nxt_fwd, d_forward in graph_forward[v_fwd]:
if nxt_fwd in visited_forward:
continue
old_cost_f = cst_fwd.get(nxt_fwd, np.inf)
new_cost_f = cst_fwd[v_fwd] + d_forward
if new_cost_f < old_cost_f:
queue_forward.put((new_cost_f, nxt_fwd))
cst_fwd[nxt_fwd] = new_cost_f
parent_forward[nxt_fwd] = v_fwd
if nxt_fwd in visited_backward:
if cst_fwd[v_fwd] + d_forward + cst_bwd[nxt_fwd] < shortest_distance:
shortest_distance = cst_fwd[v_fwd] + d_forward + cst_bwd[nxt_fwd]
# backward pass and relaxation
for nxt_bwd, d_backward in graph_backward[v_bwd]:
if nxt_bwd in visited_backward:
continue
old_cost_b = cst_bwd.get(nxt_bwd, np.inf)
new_cost_b = cst_bwd[v_bwd] + d_backward
if new_cost_b < old_cost_b:
queue_backward.put((new_cost_b, nxt_bwd))
cst_bwd[nxt_bwd] = new_cost_b
parent_backward[nxt_bwd] = v_bwd
if nxt_bwd in visited_forward:
if cst_bwd[v_bwd] + d_backward + cst_fwd[nxt_bwd] < shortest_distance:
shortest_distance = cst_bwd[v_bwd] + d_backward + cst_fwd[nxt_bwd]
if cst_fwd[v_fwd] + cst_bwd[v_bwd] >= shortest_distance:
break
if shortest_distance != np.inf:
shortest_path_distance = shortest_distance
return shortest_path_distance
graph_fwd = {
"B": [["C", 1]],
"C": [["D", 1]],
"D": [["F", 1]],
"E": [["B", 1], ["G", 2]],
"F": [],
"G": [["F", 1]],
}
graph_bwd = {
"B": [["E", 1]],
"C": [["B", 1]],
"D": [["C", 1]],
"F": [["D", 1], ["G", 1]],
"E": [[None, np.inf]],
"G": [["E", 2]],
}
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()