Python/electronics/carrier_concentration.py

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# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_carrier_density
# https://www.pveducation.org/pvcdrom/pn-junctions/equilibrium-carrier-concentration
# http://www.ece.utep.edu/courses/ee3329/ee3329/Studyguide/ToC/Fundamentals/Carriers/concentrations.html
from __future__ import annotations
def carrier_concentration(
electron_conc: float,
hole_conc: float,
intrinsic_conc: float,
) -> tuple:
"""
This function can calculate any one of the three -
1. Electron Concentration
2, Hole Concentration
3. Intrinsic Concentration
given the other two.
Examples -
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=25, hole_conc=100, intrinsic_conc=0)
('intrinsic_conc', 50.0)
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=0, hole_conc=1600, intrinsic_conc=200)
('electron_conc', 25.0)
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=1000, hole_conc=0, intrinsic_conc=1200)
('hole_conc', 1440.0)
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=1000, hole_conc=400, intrinsic_conc=1200)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: You cannot supply more or less than 2 values
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=-1000, hole_conc=0, intrinsic_conc=1200)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Electron concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=0, hole_conc=-400, intrinsic_conc=1200)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Hole concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor
>>> carrier_concentration(electron_conc=0, hole_conc=400, intrinsic_conc=-1200)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Intrinsic concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor
"""
if (electron_conc, hole_conc, intrinsic_conc).count(0) != 1:
raise ValueError("You cannot supply more or less than 2 values")
elif electron_conc < 0:
raise ValueError("Electron concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor")
elif hole_conc < 0:
raise ValueError("Hole concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor")
elif intrinsic_conc < 0:
raise ValueError(
"Intrinsic concentration cannot be negative in a semiconductor"
)
elif electron_conc == 0:
return (
"electron_conc",
intrinsic_conc**2 / hole_conc,
)
elif hole_conc == 0:
return (
"hole_conc",
intrinsic_conc**2 / electron_conc,
)
elif intrinsic_conc == 0:
return (
"intrinsic_conc",
(electron_conc * hole_conc) ** 0.5,
)
else:
return (-1, -1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()