Python/ciphers/affine_cipher.py

import sys, random, cryptomath_module as cryptoMath

SYMBOLS = r""" !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~"""


def main():
    message = input("Enter message: ")
    key = int(input("Enter key [2000 - 9000]: "))
    mode = input("Encrypt/Decrypt [E/D]: ")

    if mode.lower().startswith("e"):
        mode = "encrypt"
        translated = encryptMessage(key, message)
    elif mode.lower().startswith("d"):
        mode = "decrypt"
        translated = decryptMessage(key, message)
    print("\n%sed text: \n%s" % (mode.title(), translated))


def getKeyParts(key):
    keyA = key // len(SYMBOLS)
    keyB = key % len(SYMBOLS)
    return (keyA, keyB)


def checkKeys(keyA, keyB, mode):
    if keyA == 1 and mode == "encrypt":
        sys.exit(
            "The affine cipher becomes weak when key A is set to 1. Choose different key"
        )
    if keyB == 0 and mode == "encrypt":
        sys.exit(
            "The affine cipher becomes weak when key A is set to 1. Choose different key"
        )
    if keyA < 0 or keyB < 0 or keyB > len(SYMBOLS) - 1:
        sys.exit(
            "Key A must be greater than 0 and key B must be between 0 and %s."
            % (len(SYMBOLS) - 1)
        )
    if cryptoMath.gcd(keyA, len(SYMBOLS)) != 1:
        sys.exit(
            "Key A %s and the symbol set size %s are not relatively prime. Choose a different key."
            % (keyA, len(SYMBOLS))
        )


def encryptMessage(key, message):
    """
    >>> encryptMessage(4545, 'The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher.')
    'VL}p MM{I}p~{HL}Gp{vp pFsH}pxMpyxIx JHL O}F{~pvuOvF{FuF{xIp~{HL}Gi'
    """
    keyA, keyB = getKeyParts(key)
    checkKeys(keyA, keyB, "encrypt")
    cipherText = ""
    for symbol in message:
        if symbol in SYMBOLS:
            symIndex = SYMBOLS.find(symbol)
            cipherText += SYMBOLS[(symIndex * keyA + keyB) % len(SYMBOLS)]
        else:
            cipherText += symbol
    return cipherText


def decryptMessage(key, message):
    """
    >>> decryptMessage(4545, 'VL}p MM{I}p~{HL}Gp{vp pFsH}pxMpyxIx JHL O}F{~pvuOvF{FuF{xIp~{HL}Gi')
    'The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher.'
    """
    keyA, keyB = getKeyParts(key)
    checkKeys(keyA, keyB, "decrypt")
    plainText = ""
    modInverseOfkeyA = cryptoMath.findModInverse(keyA, len(SYMBOLS))
    for symbol in message:
        if symbol in SYMBOLS:
            symIndex = SYMBOLS.find(symbol)
            plainText += SYMBOLS[(symIndex - keyB) * modInverseOfkeyA % len(SYMBOLS)]
        else:
            plainText += symbol
    return plainText


def getRandomKey():
    while True:
        keyA = random.randint(2, len(SYMBOLS))
        keyB = random.randint(2, len(SYMBOLS))
        if cryptoMath.gcd(keyA, len(SYMBOLS)) == 1:
            return keyA * len(SYMBOLS) + keyB


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import doctest

    doctest.testmod()
    main()