Added a hex-bin.py file in conversion.py (#4433)

* Added a file that converts hexa to binary

* Added file to convert hexadecimal to binary

* Update hex-bin.py

* added type hint in the code

* Added doctest

* Added code to handle exception

* Resolved doctest issue

* Update hex-bin.py

* Modified convert function

* Added WhiteSpace around operators.

* Made more pythonic

* removed whitespace

* Updated doctest command

* Removed whitespace

* imported union

* Replaced flag with is_negative

* updated return type

* removed pip command

* Resolved doctest issue

* Resolved doctest error

* Reformated the code

* Changes function name

* Changed exception handling statements

* Update and rename hex-bin.py to hex_to_bin.py

* Update newton_method.py

* Update matrix_operation.py

* Update can_string_be_rearranged_as_palindrome.py

* Update hex_to_bin.py

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

conversions/hex_to_bin.py

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+def hex_to_bin(hex_num: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Convert a hexadecimal value to its binary equivalent
+    #https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1425493/convert-hex-to-binary
+    Here, we have used the bitwise right shift operator: >>
+    Shifts the bits of the number to the right and fills 0 on voids left as a result.
+    Similar effect as of dividing the number with some power of two.
+    Example:
+    a = 10
+    a >> 1 = 5
+
+    >>> hex_to_bin("AC")
+    10101100
+    >>> hex_to_bin("9A4")
+    100110100100
+    >>> hex_to_bin("   12f   ")
+    100101111
+    >>> hex_to_bin("FfFf")
+    1111111111111111
+    >>> hex_to_bin("-fFfF")
+    -1111111111111111
+    >>> hex_to_bin("F-f")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Invalid value was passed to the function
+    >>> hex_to_bin("")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: No value was passed to the function
+    """
+
+    hex_num = hex_num.strip()
+    if not hex_num:
+        raise ValueError("No value was passed to the function")
+
+    is_negative = hex_num[0] == "-"
+    if is_negative:
+        hex_num = hex_num[1:]
+
+    try:
+        int_num = int(hex_num, 16)
+    except ValueError:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid value was passed to the function")
+
+    bin_str = ""
+    while int_num > 0:
+        bin_str = str(int_num % 2) + bin_str
+        int_num >>= 1
+
+    return int(("-" + bin_str) if is_negative else bin_str)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()