From 39a99b46f5e9b2c56951c22189a8ac3ea0730b01 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Laukik Chahande <103280327+luciferx48@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Sun, 23 Oct 2022 22:56:22 +0530
Subject: [PATCH] check whether integer is even or odd using bit manupulation
 (#7099)

* even_or_not file added

* Updated DIRECTORY.md

* modified DIRECTORY.md

* Update bit_manipulation/even_or_not.py

* updating DIRECTORY.md

* Rename even_or_not.py to is_even.py

* updating DIRECTORY.md

Co-authored-by: luciferx48 <laukik.22010776@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Co-authored-by: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 DIRECTORY.md                |  1 +
 bit_manipulation/is_even.py | 37 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 38 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 bit_manipulation/is_even.py

diff --git a/DIRECTORY.md b/DIRECTORY.md
index 3fd1a3c38..10e78a92c 100644
--- a/DIRECTORY.md
+++ b/DIRECTORY.md
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
   * [Count 1S Brian Kernighan Method](bit_manipulation/count_1s_brian_kernighan_method.py)
   * [Count Number Of One Bits](bit_manipulation/count_number_of_one_bits.py)
   * [Gray Code Sequence](bit_manipulation/gray_code_sequence.py)
+  * [Is Even](bit_manipulation/is_even.py)
   * [Reverse Bits](bit_manipulation/reverse_bits.py)
   * [Single Bit Manipulation Operations](bit_manipulation/single_bit_manipulation_operations.py)
 
diff --git a/bit_manipulation/is_even.py b/bit_manipulation/is_even.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b7b0841a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bit_manipulation/is_even.py
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+def is_even(number: int) -> bool:
+    """
+    return true if the input integer is even
+    Explanation: Lets take a look at the following deicmal to binary conversions
+    2 => 10
+    14 => 1110
+    100 => 1100100
+    3 => 11
+    13 => 1101
+    101 => 1100101
+    from the above examples we can observe that
+    for all the odd integers there is always 1 set bit at the end
+    also, 1 in binary can be represented as 001, 00001, or 0000001
+    so for any odd integer n => n&1 is always equlas 1 else the integer is even
+
+    >>> is_even(1)
+    False
+    >>> is_even(4)
+    True
+    >>> is_even(9)
+    False
+    >>> is_even(15)
+    False
+    >>> is_even(40)
+    True
+    >>> is_even(100)
+    True
+    >>> is_even(101)
+    False
+    """
+    return number & 1 == 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()