diff --git a/blockchain/pow_algorithm.py b/blockchain/pow_algorithm.py index 7d4000227..69fa58948 100644 --- a/blockchain/pow_algorithm.py +++ b/blockchain/pow_algorithm.py @@ -2,15 +2,16 @@ # Title: Proof of Work Algorithm for Blockchain ## Algorithm Statement: -The algorithm implements the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism used in -blockchain to validate blocks. PoW ensures participants (miners) perform a -computational task to create a valid block and add it to the blockchain. The +The algorithm implements the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism used in +blockchain to validate blocks. PoW ensures participants (miners) perform a +computational task to create a valid block and add it to the blockchain. The difficulty is defined by the number of leading zeros required in the block hash. """ import hashlib import time + class Block: def __init__(self, index, previous_hash, transactions, timestamp, difficulty): self.index = index @@ -36,16 +37,19 @@ class Block: def mine_block(self): """ Performs Proof of Work by adjusting the nonce until a valid hash is found. - A valid hash has the required number of leading zeros based on the difficulty + A valid hash has the required number of leading zeros based on the difficulty level. """ - target = '0' * self.difficulty # Target hash should start with 'difficulty' zeros - while self.hash[:self.difficulty] != target: + target = ( + "0" * self.difficulty + ) # Target hash should start with 'difficulty' zeros + while self.hash[: self.difficulty] != target: self.nonce += 1 self.hash = self.compute_hash() print(f"Block mined with nonce {self.nonce}, hash: {self.hash}") + class Blockchain: def __init__(self, difficulty): self.chain = [] @@ -65,14 +69,19 @@ class Blockchain: Adds a new block to the blockchain after performing Proof of Work. """ previous_block = self.chain[-1] - new_block = Block(len(self.chain), previous_block.hash, transactions, time.time(), - self.difficulty) + new_block = Block( + len(self.chain), + previous_block.hash, + transactions, + time.time(), + self.difficulty, + ) new_block.mine_block() self.chain.append(new_block) def is_chain_valid(self): """ - Verifies the integrity of the blockchain by ensuring each block's previous + Verifies the integrity of the blockchain by ensuring each block's previous hash matches and that all blocks meet the Proof of Work requirement. """ for i in range(1, len(self.chain)): @@ -89,8 +98,10 @@ class Blockchain: return True + # Test cases + def test_blockchain(): """ Test cases for the Blockchain proof of work algorithm. @@ -106,11 +117,16 @@ def test_blockchain(): assert blockchain.is_chain_valid(), "Blockchain should be valid" # Tamper with the blockchain and check validation - blockchain.chain[1].transactions = "Transaction 1: Alice pays Bob 50 BTC" # Tampering - assert not blockchain.is_chain_valid(), "Blockchain should be invalid due to tampering" + blockchain.chain[ + 1 + ].transactions = "Transaction 1: Alice pays Bob 50 BTC" # Tampering + assert ( + not blockchain.is_chain_valid() + ), "Blockchain should be invalid due to tampering" print("All test cases passed.") + if __name__ == "__main__": test_blockchain()