updated physics/archimedes_principle.py (#10479)

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* issues fixed due to pi

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* added some doctests for exception handling, imported g from scipy and allowed zero gravity

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* Update and rename archimedes_principle.py to archimedes_principle_of_buoyant_force.py

* Update archimedes_principle_of_buoyant_force.py

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

physics/archimedes_principle.py

@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Calculates buoyant force on object submerged within static fluid.
-Discovered by greek mathematician, Archimedes. The principle is named after him.
-
-Equation for calculating buoyant force:
-Fb = ρ * V * g
-
-Source:
-- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%27_principle
-"""
-
-
-# Acceleration Constant on Earth (unit m/s^2)
-g = 9.80665
-
-
-def archimedes_principle(
-    fluid_density: float, volume: float, gravity: float = g
-) -> float:
-    """
-    Args:
-        fluid_density: density of fluid (kg/m^3)
-        volume: volume of object / liquid being displaced by object
-        gravity: Acceleration from gravity. Gravitational force on system,
-            Default is Earth Gravity
-    returns:
-        buoyant force on object in Newtons
-
-    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.5, gravity=9.8)
-    4885.3
-    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.7)
-    6844.061035
-    """
-
-    if fluid_density <= 0:
-        raise ValueError("Impossible fluid density")
-    if volume < 0:
-        raise ValueError("Impossible Object volume")
-    if gravity <= 0:
-        raise ValueError("Impossible Gravity")
-
-    return fluid_density * gravity * volume
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    import doctest
-
-    # run doctest
-    doctest.testmod()

physics/archimedes_principle_of_buoyant_force.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+"""
+Calculate the buoyant force of any body completely or partially submerged in a static
+fluid.  This principle was discovered by the Greek mathematician Archimedes.
+
+Equation for calculating buoyant force:
+Fb = ρ * V * g
+
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes%27_principle
+"""
+
+
+# Acceleration Constant on Earth (unit m/s^2)
+g = 9.80665  # Also available in scipy.constants.g
+
+
+def archimedes_principle(
+    fluid_density: float, volume: float, gravity: float = g
+) -> float:
+    """
+    Args:
+        fluid_density: density of fluid (kg/m^3)
+        volume: volume of object/liquid being displaced by the object (m^3)
+        gravity: Acceleration from gravity. Gravitational force on the system,
+            The default is Earth Gravity
+    returns:
+        the buoyant force on an object in Newtons
+
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=500, volume=4, gravity=9.8)
+    19600.0
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.5, gravity=9.8)
+    4885.3
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.7)
+    6844.061035
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=-0.7)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Impossible object volume
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=0, volume=0.7)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Impossible fluid density
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.7, gravity=0)
+    0.0
+    >>> archimedes_principle(fluid_density=997, volume=0.7, gravity=-9.8)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Impossible gravity
+    """
+
+    if fluid_density <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Impossible fluid density")
+    if volume <= 0:
+        raise ValueError("Impossible object volume")
+    if gravity < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Impossible gravity")
+
+    return fluid_density * gravity * volume
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()