Create ipv4_conversion.py (#11008)

* Create ipconversion.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update conversions/ipconversion.py

* Update ipconversion.py

* Rename ipconversion.py to ipv4_conversion.py

* forward_propagation(32, 450_000)  # Was 10_000_000

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

conversions/ipv4_conversion.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+# https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/convert-ip-address-to-integer-and-vice-versa/
+
+
+def ipv4_to_decimal(ipv4_address: str) -> int:
+    """
+    Convert an IPv4 address to its decimal representation.
+
+    Args:
+        ip_address: A string representing an IPv4 address (e.g., "192.168.0.1").
+
+    Returns:
+        int: The decimal representation of the IP address.
+
+    >>> ipv4_to_decimal("192.168.0.1")
+    3232235521
+    >>> ipv4_to_decimal("10.0.0.255")
+    167772415
+    >>> ipv4_to_decimal("10.0.255")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid IPv4 address format
+    >>> ipv4_to_decimal("10.0.0.256")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid IPv4 octet 256
+    """
+
+    octets = [int(octet) for octet in ipv4_address.split(".")]
+    if len(octets) != 4:
+        raise ValueError("Invalid IPv4 address format")
+
+    decimal_ipv4 = 0
+    for octet in octets:
+        if not 0 <= octet <= 255:
+            raise ValueError(f"Invalid IPv4 octet {octet}")  # noqa: EM102
+        decimal_ipv4 = (decimal_ipv4 << 8) + int(octet)
+
+    return decimal_ipv4
+
+
+def alt_ipv4_to_decimal(ipv4_address: str) -> int:
+    """
+    >>> alt_ipv4_to_decimal("192.168.0.1")
+    3232235521
+    >>> alt_ipv4_to_decimal("10.0.0.255")
+    167772415
+    """
+    return int("0x" + "".join(f"{int(i):02x}" for i in ipv4_address.split(".")), 16)
+
+
+def decimal_to_ipv4(decimal_ipv4: int) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a decimal representation of an IP address to its IPv4 format.
+
+    Args:
+        decimal_ipv4: An integer representing the decimal IP address.
+
+    Returns:
+        The IPv4 representation of the decimal IP address.
+
+    >>> decimal_to_ipv4(3232235521)
+    '192.168.0.1'
+    >>> decimal_to_ipv4(167772415)
+    '10.0.0.255'
+    >>> decimal_to_ipv4(-1)
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: Invalid decimal IPv4 address
+    """
+
+    if not (0 <= decimal_ipv4 <= 4294967295):
+        raise ValueError("Invalid decimal IPv4 address")
+
+    ip_parts = []
+    for _ in range(4):
+        ip_parts.append(str(decimal_ipv4 & 255))
+        decimal_ipv4 >>= 8
+
+    return ".".join(reversed(ip_parts))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()

neural_network/simple_neural_network.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ INITIAL_VALUE = 0.02
 def forward_propagation(expected: int, number_propagations: int) -> float:
     """Return the value found after the forward propagation training.
 
-    >>> res = forward_propagation(32, 10000000)
+    >>> res = forward_propagation(32, 450_000)  # Was 10_000_000
     >>> res > 31 and res < 33
     True