Update instagram_pic.py (#10957)

* Update instagram_pic.py

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

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* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update instagram_pic.py

* Update instagram_pic.py

* Update instagram_pic.py

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update instagram_pic.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Fast fail instead of nested ifs and PEP8: Keep try/except blocks small

* Update instagram_pic.py

---------

Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

web_programming/instagram_pic.py

@@ -3,14 +3,45 @@ from datetime import datetime
 import requests
 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    url = input("Enter image url: ").strip()
-    print(f"Downloading image from {url} ...")
-    soup = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(url).content, "html.parser")
-    # The image URL is in the content field of the first meta tag with property og:image
-    image_url = soup.find("meta", {"property": "og:image"})["content"]
-    image_data = requests.get(image_url).content
+
+def download_image(url: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Download an image from a given URL by scraping the 'og:image' meta tag.
+
+    Parameters:
+        url: The URL to scrape.
+
+    Returns:
+        A message indicating the result of the operation.
+    """
+    try:
+        response = requests.get(url)
+        response.raise_for_status()
+    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
+        return f"An error occurred during the HTTP request to {url}: {e!r}"
+
+    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
+    image_meta_tag = soup.find("meta", {"property": "og:image"})
+    if not image_meta_tag:
+        return "No meta tag with property 'og:image' was found."
+
+    image_url = image_meta_tag.get("content")
+    if not image_url:
+        return f"Image URL not found in meta tag {image_meta_tag}."
+
+    try:
+        image_data = requests.get(image_url).content
+    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
+        return f"An error occurred during the HTTP request to {image_url}: {e!r}"
+    if not image_data:
+        return f"Failed to download the image from {image_url}."
+
     file_name = f"{datetime.now():%Y-%m-%d_%H:%M:%S}.jpg"
-    with open(file_name, "wb") as fp:
-        fp.write(image_data)
-    print(f"Done. Image saved to disk as {file_name}.")
+    with open(file_name, "wb") as out_file:
+        out_file.write(image_data)
+    return f"Image downloaded and saved in the file {file_name}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    url = input("Enter image URL: ").strip() or "https://www.instagram.com"
+    print(f"download_image({url}): {download_image(url)}")