feat: implements a hex to rgb conversion function

conversions/hex_to_rgb.py

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+def hex_to_rgb(hex_color: str) -> str:
+    """
+    Converts a hexadecimal color code to RGB values.
+
+    Args:
+        hex_color (str): A hexadecimal color code, e.g., "#RGB" or "#RRGGBB".
+
+    Returns:
+        str: A string representation of a rgb value "rgb(r, g, b)" containing
+        three integers.
+
+    Raises:
+        ValueError: If the input hex_color is not a valid hexadecimal color code.
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#FF0000")
+    'rgb(255, 0, 0)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#00FF00")
+    'rgb(0, 255, 0)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#123")
+    'rgb(17, 34, 51)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#000000")
+    'rgb(0, 0, 0)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#FFFFFF")
+    'rgb(255, 255, 255)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#0088FF")
+    'rgb(0, 136, 255)'
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#0032ccAA")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Invalid hex color code
+
+    >>> hex_to_rgb("#0032")
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+    ...
+    ValueError: Invalid hex color code
+
+    Note:
+        - The function supports both 6-digit and 3-digit hex color codes.
+    """
+
+    hex_color = hex_color.lstrip("#")
+
+    # Check if the input is a valid hex color code
+    if not (len(hex_color) == 6 or len(hex_color) == 3):
+        raise ValueError("Invalid hex color code")
+
+    # Expand 3-digit hex codes to 6 digits (e.g., "#123" to "#112233")
+    if len(hex_color) == 3:
+        hex_color = "".join([char * 2 for char in hex_color])
+
+    # Parse the hex values to integers
+    red = int(hex_color[0:2], 16)
+    green = int(hex_color[2:4], 16)
+    blue = int(hex_color[4:6], 16)
+
+    return f"rgb({red}, {green}, {blue})"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import doctest
+
+    doctest.testmod()
+