fixed doctest failed cases

quantum/qauntum_logic_gates.py

@@ -8,64 +8,6 @@ References :
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_logic_gate
 
 Book : Mathematics Of Quantum Computing An Introduction by Wolfgang Scherer
-
-Glossary ;
-input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
-input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part of the input complex number.
-In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
-(Eg. input_realvalue_1)
-
-alpha : angle of rotation as represented by the block sphere.
-iota : The exponential complex of alpha value.
-nx_value : value of vector in X axis as represented by Hilbert space.
-nx_value : value of vector in Y axis as represented by Hilbert space.
-nx_value : value of vector in Z axis as represented by Hilbert space.
-
-* The nx,ny and nz values can also be considered as values of vectors along
-the respective axes on the bloch sphere.
-
-Usage :
->>> paulix_gate(2,3)
-[3 2]
-
->>> pauliy_gate(5,8)
-[0.+8.j 0.-5.j]
-
->>> pauliz_gate(4,1)
-[ 4 -1]
-
->>> identity_gate(7,2)
-9
-
->>> phasefactor_of_input(4,7,45)
-[1.39737084e+20+0.j 2.44539897e+20+0.j]
-
->>> phaseshift_of_input(3,9,30)
-[3.00000000e+00+0.j 9.61782712e+13+0.j]
-
->>> hadamard_gate(5,9)
-[ 9.89949494 -2.82842712]
-[1.+0.j 0.+0.j 0.+0.j 7.+0.j]
-
->>> controlled_not_gate_in_0ket(1,7,4,8)
-[7 1 4 8]
-
->>> controlled_not_gate(6,3,7,5)
-[6 3 5 7]
-
->>> inverted_controlled_not_gate(8,4,9,6)
-[8 6 9 4]
-
->>> controlled_phase_multiplication(3,2,5,1,10)
-[3.00000000e+00+0.j 2.00000000e+00+0.j 1.10132329e+05+0.j
- 2.20264658e+04+0.j]
-
->>> swap_gate(5,1,3,7)
-[5 3 1 7]
-
->>> spin_of_input(6,3,45,1,8,3)
-[-16.93201614+10.23066476j -50.61991392 -1.46152354j]
-
 """
 
 import cmath
@@ -74,14 +16,38 @@ import math
 import numpy as np
 
 
-def paulix_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
+def paulix_gate(input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> paulix_gate(2,3)
+    array([3, 2])
+    """
     paulix_matrix = np.array([[0, 1], [1, 0]])
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
     result = np.dot(paulix_matrix, complex_input)
     return result
 
 
-def pauliy_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
+def pauliy_gate(input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> pauliy_gate(5,8)
+    array([0.+8.j, 0.-5.j])
+    """
     i = complex(0, 1)
     pauliy_matrix = [[0, i], [-1 * i, 0]]
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
@@ -89,21 +55,61 @@ def pauliy_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
     return result
 
 
-def pauliz_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
+def pauliz_gate(input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude
+    of the imaginary part of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> pauliz_gate(4,1)
+    array([ 4, -1])
+    """
     pauliz_matrix = np.array([[1, 0], [0, -1]])
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
     result = np.dot(pauliz_matrix, complex_input)
     return result
 
 
-def identity_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
+def identity_gate(input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float) -> float:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> identity_gate(7,2)
+    9
+    """
     identiy_matrix = np.diag([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
     result = np.dot(identiy_matrix, complex_input)
     return result
 
 
-def phasefactor_of_input(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue, alpha):
+def phasefactor_of_input(
+    input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float, alpha: float
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    alpha : angle of rotation as represented by the block sphere.
+    iota : The exponential complex of alpha value.
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> phasefactor_of_input(4,7,45)
+    array([1.39737084e+20+0.j, 2.44539897e+20+0.j])
+    """
     iota = cmath.exp(alpha)
     phasefactor = [[iota, 0], [0, iota]]
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
@@ -111,7 +117,23 @@ def phasefactor_of_input(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue, alpha):
     return result
 
 
-def phaseshift_of_input(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue, alpha):
+def phaseshift_of_input(
+    input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float, alpha: float
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    alpha : angle of rotation as represented by the block sphere.
+    iota : The exponential complex of alpha value.
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> phaseshift_of_input(3,9,30)
+    array([3.00000000e+00+0.j, 9.61782712e+13+0.j])
+    """
     iota = cmath.exp(alpha)
     phase = [[1, 0], [0, iota]]
     complex_input = np.array([input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue])
@@ -119,7 +141,19 @@ def phaseshift_of_input(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue, alpha):
     return result
 
 
-def hadamard_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
+def hadamard_gate(input_realvalue: float, input_imaginaryvalue: float) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> hadamard_gate(5,9)
+    array([ 9.89949494, -2.82842712])
+    """
     root_of_2 = 1.0 / math.sqrt(2)
     hadamard_gate_matrix = np.array(
         [[root_of_2, root_of_2], [root_of_2, -1 * root_of_2]]
@@ -130,8 +164,24 @@ def hadamard_gate(input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue):
 
 
 def controlled_not_gate_in_0ket(
-    input_realvalue_1, input_imaginaryvalue_1, input_realvalue_2, input_imaginaryvalue_2
-):
+    input_realvalue_1: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_1: float,
+    input_realvalue_2: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_2: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> controlled_not_gate_in_0ket(1,7,4,8)
+    [1 7 4 8]
+    array([7, 1, 4, 8])
+    """
     controlled_not_gate_0ket_matrix = np.array(
         [[0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]]
     )
@@ -149,8 +199,23 @@ def controlled_not_gate_in_0ket(
 
 
 def controlled_not_gate(
-    input_realvalue_1, input_imaginaryvalue_1, input_realvalue_2, input_imaginaryvalue_2
-):
+    input_realvalue_1: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_1: float,
+    input_realvalue_2: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_2: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> controlled_not_gate(6,3,7,5)
+    array([6, 3, 5, 7])
+    """
     controlled_not_gate_matrix = np.array(
         [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0]]
     )
@@ -167,8 +232,23 @@ def controlled_not_gate(
 
 
 def inverted_controlled_not_gate(
-    input_realvalue_1, input_imaginaryvalue_1, input_realvalue_2, input_imaginaryvalue_2
-):
+    input_realvalue_1: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_1: float,
+    input_realvalue_2: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_2: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> inverted_controlled_not_gate(8,4,9,6)
+    array([8, 6, 9, 4])
+    """
     inverted_controlled_not_gate_matrix = np.array(
         [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0]]
     )
@@ -185,12 +265,27 @@ def inverted_controlled_not_gate(
 
 
 def controlled_phase_multiplication(
-    input_realvalue_1,
-    input_imaginaryvalue_1,
-    input_realvalue_2,
-    input_imaginaryvalue_2,
-    alpha,
-):
+    input_realvalue_1: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_1: float,
+    input_realvalue_2: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_2: float,
+    alpha: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    alpha : angle of rotation as represented by the block sphere.
+    iota : The exponential complex of alpha value.
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> controlled_phase_multiplication(3,2,5,1,10)
+    array([3.00000000e+00+0.j, 2.00000000e+00+0.j, 1.10132329e+05+0.j,
+           2.20264658e+04+0.j])
+    """
     iota = cmath.exp(alpha)
     controlled_phase_multiplication_matrix = np.array(
         [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, iota, 0], [0, 0, 0, iota]]
@@ -208,8 +303,23 @@ def controlled_phase_multiplication(
 
 
 def swap_gate(
-    input_realvalue_1, input_imaginaryvalue_1, input_realvalue_2, input_imaginaryvalue_2
-):
+    input_realvalue_1: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_1: float,
+    input_realvalue_2: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue_2: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    input_realvalue : the magnitude of the real part of the input complex number.
+    input_imaginaryvalue : the magnitude of the imaginary part
+    of the input complex number.
+    In cases which require 2 inputs the input is named with a suffix of 1 and 2
+    (Eg. input_realvalue_1)
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> swap_gate(5,1,3,7)
+    array([5, 3, 1, 7])
+    """
     swap_gate_matrix = np.array(
         [[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1, 0], [0, 1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]]
     )
@@ -226,8 +336,28 @@ def swap_gate(
 
 
 def spin_of_input(
-    input_realvalue, input_imaginaryvalue, alpha_value, nx_value, ny_value, nz_value
-):
+    input_realvalue: float,
+    input_imaginaryvalue: float,
+    alpha_value: float,
+    nx_value: float,
+    ny_value: float,
+    nz_value: float,
+) -> list[float]:
+    """
+    Glossary :
+    alpha : angle of rotation as represented by the block sphere.
+    iota : The exponential complex of alpha value.
+    nx_value : value of vector in X axis as represented by Hilbert space.
+    nx_value : value of vector in Y axis as represented by Hilbert space.
+    nx_value : value of vector in Z axis as represented by Hilbert space.
+
+    * The nx,ny and nz values can also be considered as values of vectors along
+    the respective axes on the bloch sphere.
+
+    Usage :
+    >>> spin_of_input(6,3,45,1,8,3)
+    array([-16.93201614+10.23066476j, -50.61991392 -1.46152354j])
+    """
     i = complex(0, 1)
     spin_matrix = [
         [