def double_factorial(num: int) -> int: """ Compute double factorial using iterative method. To learn about the theory behind this algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_factorial >>> import math >>> all(double_factorial(i) == math.prod(range(i, 0, -2)) for i in range(20)) True >>> double_factorial(0.1) Traceback (most recent call last): ... ValueError: double_factorial() only accepts integral values >>> double_factorial(-1) Traceback (most recent call last): ... ValueError: double_factorial() not defined for negative values """ if not isinstance(num, int): raise ValueError("double_factorial() only accepts integral values") if num < 0: raise ValueError("double_factorial() not defined for negative values") value = 1 for i in range(num, 0, -2): value *= i return value if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest doctest.testmod()