Python/dynamic_programming/longest_arithmetic_subsequence.py
2024-10-04 15:13:09 +00:00

85 lines
2.2 KiB
Python

"""
Longest Arithmetic Subsequence Problem: Given an array nums of integers,
return the length of the longest arithmetic subsequence in nums.
Note that:
- A subsequence is an array that can be derived from another array by
deleting some or no elements without changing the order of the remaining elements.
- A sequence seq is arithmetic if seq[i + 1] - seq[i] are all the same value
(for 0 <= i < seq.length - 1).
"""
def longest_arithmetic_subsequence(nums: list[int]) -> int:
"""
Finds the length of the longest arithmetic subsequence in a given array of integers.
Parameters
----------
nums : list[int]
The input array of integers.
Returns
-------
int
The length of the longest arithmetic subsequence.
Examples
--------
>>> longest_arithmetic_subsequence([3, 6, 9, 12])
4
>>> longest_arithmetic_subsequence([9, 4, 7, 2, 10])
3
>>> longest_arithmetic_subsequence([20, 1, 15, 3, 10, 5, 8])
4
>>> longest_arithmetic_subsequence([]) # Empty array
0
>>> longest_arithmetic_subsequence(None) # Null array
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: Input array cannot be None
"""
if nums is None:
raise ValueError("Input array cannot be None")
if len(nums) == 0:
return 0
if len(nums) == 1:
return 1
dp: list[dict[int, int]] = [{} for _ in range(len(nums))]
max_length = 2
for i in range(len(nums)):
for j in range(i):
diff = nums[i] - nums[j]
dp[i][diff] = dp[j].get(diff, 1) + 1
max_length = max(max_length, dp[i][diff])
return max_length
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
# test cases
test_cases = [
([3, 6, 9, 12], 4),
([3, 6, 9, 12, 15], 5),
([1, 7, 10, 13, 14, 19], 4),
([1, 2, 3, 4], 4),
([], 0),
([10], 1),
([9, 4, 7, 2, 10], 3),
([1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 5], 4),
]
for nums, expected_length in test_cases:
result = longest_arithmetic_subsequence(nums)
print(f"Test case {nums}: Expected {expected_length}, Got {result}")
assert result == expected_length, f"Test failed for input {nums}"