Python/greedy_methods/smallest_range.py
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Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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2023-12-01 17:53:47 +01:00

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Python

"""
smallest_range function takes a list of sorted integer lists and finds the smallest
range that includes at least one number from each list, using a min heap for efficiency.
"""
from heapq import heappop, heappush
from sys import maxsize
def smallest_range(nums: list[list[int]]) -> list[int]:
"""
Find the smallest range from each list in nums.
Uses min heap for efficiency. The range includes at least one number from each list.
Args:
nums: List of k sorted integer lists.
Returns:
list: Smallest range as a two-element list.
Examples:
>>> smallest_range([[4, 10, 15, 24, 26], [0, 9, 12, 20], [5, 18, 22, 30]])
[20, 24]
>>> smallest_range([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]])
[1, 1]
>>> smallest_range(((1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3), (1, 2, 3)))
[1, 1]
>>> smallest_range(((-3, -2, -1), (0, 0, 0), (1, 2, 3)))
[-1, 1]
>>> smallest_range([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
[3, 7]
>>> smallest_range([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]])
[0, 0]
>>> smallest_range([[], [], []])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
IndexError: list index out of range
"""
min_heap: list[tuple[int, int, int]] = []
current_max = -maxsize - 1
for i, items in enumerate(nums):
heappush(min_heap, (items[0], i, 0))
current_max = max(current_max, items[0])
# Initialize smallest_range with large integer values
smallest_range = [-maxsize - 1, maxsize]
while min_heap:
current_min, list_index, element_index = heappop(min_heap)
if current_max - current_min < smallest_range[1] - smallest_range[0]:
smallest_range = [current_min, current_max]
if element_index == len(nums[list_index]) - 1:
break
next_element = nums[list_index][element_index + 1]
heappush(min_heap, (next_element, list_index, element_index + 1))
current_max = max(current_max, next_element)
return smallest_range
if __name__ == "__main__":
from doctest import testmod
testmod()
print(f"{smallest_range([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3]])}") # Output: [1, 1]