mirror of
https://github.com/rasbt/python_reference.git
synced 2024-10-06 13:09:27 +00:00
74 lines
2.3 KiB
Python
74 lines
2.3 KiB
Python
# File system operations using Python
|
|
# sr 11/30/2013
|
|
|
|
|
|
import os
|
|
import shutil
|
|
|
|
# working directory
|
|
c_dir = os.getcwd() # show current working directory
|
|
os.listdir(c_dir) # shows all files in the working directory
|
|
os.chdir('~/Data') # change working directory
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# walk
|
|
tree = os.walk(c_dir)
|
|
# moves through sub directories and creates a 'generator' object of tuples
|
|
# ('dir', [file1, file2, ...] [subdirectory1, subdirectory2, ...]),
|
|
# (...), ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#check files: returns either True or False
|
|
os.exists('../rel_path')
|
|
os.exists('/home/abs_path')
|
|
os.isfile('./file.txt')
|
|
os.isdir('./subdir')
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# file permission (True or False
|
|
os.access('./some_file', os.F_OK) # File exists? Python 2.7
|
|
os.access('./some_file', os.R_OK) # Ok to read? Python 2.7
|
|
os.access('./some_file', os.W_OK) # Ok to write? Python 2.7
|
|
os.access('./some_file', os.X_OK) # Ok to execute? Python 2.7
|
|
os.access('./some_file', os.X_OK | os.W_OK) # Ok to execute or write? Python 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# join (creates operating system dependent paths)
|
|
os.path.join('a', 'b', 'c')
|
|
# 'a/b/c' on Unix/Linux
|
|
# 'a\\b\\c' on Windows
|
|
os.path.normpath('a/b/c') # converts file separators
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# os.path: direcory and file names
|
|
os.path.samefile('./some_file', '/home/some_file') # True if those are the same
|
|
os.path.dirname('./some_file') # returns '.' (everythin but last component)
|
|
os.path.basename('./some_file') # returns 'some_file' (only last component
|
|
os.path.split('./some_file') # returns (dirname, basename) or ('.', 'some_file)
|
|
os.path.splitext('./some_file.txt') # returns ('./some_file', '.txt')
|
|
os.path.splitdrive('./some_file.txt') # returns ('', './some_file.txt')
|
|
os.path.isabs('./some_file.txt') # returns False (not an absolute path)
|
|
os.path.abspath('./some_file.txt')
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# create and delete files and directories
|
|
os.mkdir('./test') # create a new direcotory
|
|
os.rmdir('./test') # removes an empty direcotory
|
|
os.removedirs('./test') # removes nested empty directories
|
|
os.remove('file.txt') # removes an individual file
|
|
shutil.rmtree('./test') # removes directory (empty or not empty)
|
|
|
|
os.rename('./dir_before', './renamed') # renames directory if destination doesn't exist
|
|
shutil.move('./dir_before', './renamed') # renames directory always
|
|
|
|
shutil.copytree('./orig', './copy') # copies a directory recursively
|
|
shutil.copyfile('file', 'copy') # copies a file
|
|
|