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8
CHANGELOG.md
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@ -1,8 +1,14 @@
**23 NOV 2022** VERSION 2.5 Added command-line option (`-l`) to remove
redirection from links included in tweets. Obfuscated links are replaced
by the URL that the resource is directly downloaded from. Also improved
tracker removal by cleaning URL fragments as well (contrib: mathdatech,
thanks!).
**22 NOV 2022** VERSION 2.4 Added command-line option (`-u`) to
remove tracking parameters from URLs included in tweets. A tracking URL
is a normal URL with parameters attached to it. These parameters are used
by marketing companies to identify the source of a click and the effectiveness
of a communication campaign.
of a communication campaign (contrib: mathdatech, thanks!).
**15 NOV 2022** VERSION 2.3 Added command-line option (`-s`) to
skip retweets. With this option, retweets will be ignored and not posted

32
README.md
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@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
# Twoot
Twoot is a python script that mirrors tweets from a twitter account to a Mastodon account.
It is simple to set-up on a local machine, configurable and feature-rich.
**Twoot is a python script that mirrors tweets from a twitter account to a Mastodon account.
It is simple to set-up on a local machine, configurable and feature-rich.**
**UPDATE 22 NOV 2022** VERSION 2.4 Added command-line option (`-u`) to
remove tracking parameters from URLs included in tweets. A tracking URL is a
normal URL with additional parameters attached to it. These parameters are used
by marketing companies to identify the source of a click and the effectiveness
of a communication campaign.
**UPDATE 23 NOV 2022** VERSION 2.5 Added command-line option (`-l`) to remove redirection
from links included in tweets. Obfuscated links are replaced by the URL that the resource
is directly downloaded from. Also improved tracker removal by cleaning URL fragments as well
(contrib: mathdatech, thanks!).
> Previous updates can be found in CHANGELOG.
@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ of a communication campaign.
* Optionally ignore retweets
* Allows rate-limiting posts to Mastodon instance
## usage
## Usage
```
twoot.py [-h] -t <twitter account> -i <mastodon instance> -m <mastodon account>
@ -33,7 +32,7 @@ twoot.py [-h] -t <twitter account> -i <mastodon instance> -m <mastodon account>
[-d <min delay (in mins)>] [-c <max # of toots to post>]
```
## arguments
## Arguments
Assuming that the Twitter handle is @SuperDuperBot and the Mastodon account
is @superduperbot@botsin.space
@ -42,16 +41,27 @@ is @superduperbot@botsin.space
|-------|--------------------------------------------------|--------------------|-----|
| -t | twitter account name without '@' | `SuperDuper` | Yes |
| -i | Mastodon instance domain name | `botsin.space` | Yes |
| -m | Mastodon username | `superduperbot` | Yes |
| -m | Mastodon username | `sd@example.com` | Yes |
| -p | Mastodon password | `my_Sup3r-S4f3*pw` | Yes |
| -v | upload videos to Mastodon | *N/A* | No |
| -r | Post reply-to tweets (ignored by default) | *N/A* | No |
| -s | Skip retweets (posted by default) | *N/A* | No |
| -l | Remove link redirection | *N/A* | No |
| -u | Remove trackers from URLs | *N/A* | No |
| -a | Max. age of tweet to post (in days) | `5` | No |
| -d | Min. age before posting new tweet (in minutes) | `15` | No |
| -c | Max number of toots allowed to post (cap) | `1` | No |
## Notes
`-l` will follow every link included in the tweet and replace them with the url that the
resource is directly dowmnloaded from (if applicable). e.g. bit.ly/xxyyyzz -> example.com
Every link visit can take up to 5 sec (timeout) therefore this option will slow down
tweet processing.
If you are interested by tracker removal (`-u`) you should also select redirection removal(`-l`)
as trackers are often hidden behind the redirection of a short URL.
When using the `-v` switch consider:
* whether the copyright of the content that you want to cross-post allows it
@ -64,7 +74,7 @@ Default min delay is 0 minutes.
No limitation is applied to the number of toots uploaded if `-c` is not specified.
## installation
## Installation
Make sure python3 is installed.

85
twoot.py
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@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ MAX_REC_COUNT = 50
# Set the desired verbosity of logging
# One of logging.DEBUG, logging.INFO, logging.WARNING, logging.ERROR, logging.CRITICAL
LOGGING_LEVEL = logging.WARNING
LOGGING_LEVEL = logging.INFO
# How many seconds to wait before giving up on a download (except video download)
HTTPS_REQ_TIMEOUT = 10
@ -67,6 +67,38 @@ USER_AGENTS = [
]
def deredir_url(url):
"""
Given a URL, return the URL that the page really downloads from
:param url: url to be de-redirected
:return: direct url
"""
# Get a copy of the default headers that requests would use
headers = requests.utils.default_headers()
# Update default headers with randomly selected user agent
headers.update(
{
'User-Agent': USER_AGENTS[random.randint(0, len(USER_AGENTS) - 1)],
}
)
ret = None
try:
# Download the page
ret = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=5)
except:
# If anything goes wrong keep the URL intact
return url
if ret.url != url:
logging.debug("Removed redirection from: " + url + " to: " + ret.url)
# Return the URL that the page was downloaded from
return ret.url
def _remove_trackers_query(query_str):
"""
private function
@ -79,15 +111,20 @@ def _remove_trackers_query(query_str):
# tag by TikTok
# tags by Snapchat
# tags by Facebook
params_to_remove = [
"utm_source", "utm_medium", "utm_campaign", "utm_term", "utm_content",
params_to_remove = {
"gclid", "_ga", "gclsrc", "dclid",
"utm_source", "utm_medium", "utm_campaign", "utm_term", "utm_content", "utm_cid", "utm_reader", "utm_name", "utm_referrer", "utm_social", "utm_social-type",
"mkt_tok",
"campaign_name", "ad_set_name", "campaign_id", "ad_set_id",
"media", "interest_group_name",
"xtor"
]
"fbclid", "campaign_name", "ad_set_name", "ad_set_id", "media", "interest_group_name", "ad_set_id"
"igshid",
"cvid", "oicd", "msclkid",
"soc_src", "soc_trk",
"_openstat", "yclid",
"xtor", "xtref", "adid",
}
query_to_clean = dict(parse_qsl(query_str, keep_blank_values=True))
query_cleaned = [(k, v) for k, v in query_to_clean.items() if not k in params_to_remove]
query_cleaned = [(k, v) for k, v in query_to_clean.items() if k not in params_to_remove]
return urlencode(query_cleaned, doseq=True)
@ -99,11 +136,14 @@ def _remove_trackers_fragment(fragment_str):
:return: cleaned fragment
"""
# Not implemented
# Unclear what, if anything, can be done
# Need better understanding of fragment-based tracking
# https://builtvisible.com/one-weird-trick-to-avoid-utm-parameters/
params_to_remove = {
"Echobox",
}
if '=' in fragment_str:
fragment_str = fragment_str.split('&')
query_cleaned = [i for i in fragment_str if i.split('=')[0] not in params_to_remove]
fragment_str = '&'.join(query_cleaned)
return fragment_str
@ -133,11 +173,12 @@ def clean_url(dirty_url):
return cleaned_url
def process_media_body(tt_iter, remove_trackers):
def process_media_body(tt_iter, remove_redir, remove_trackers):
"""
Receives an iterator over all the elements contained in the tweet-text container.
Processes them to make them suitable for posting on Mastodon
:param tt_iter: iterator over the HTML elements in the text of the tweet
:param remove_redir: bool to indicate if redirections should be removed
:param remove_trackers: bool to indicate if trackers should be removed
:return: cleaned up text of the tweet
"""
@ -158,11 +199,16 @@ def process_media_body(tt_iter, remove_trackers):
# Only keep hashtag text
tweet_text += tag_text
else:
# This is a real link, keep url
if remove_trackers:
tweet_text += clean_url(tag.get('href'))
# This is a real link
if remove_redir:
url = deredir_url(tag.get('href'))
else:
tweet_text += tag.get('href')
url = tag.get('href')
if remove_trackers:
tweet_text += clean_url(url)
else:
tweet_text += url
else:
logging.warning("No handler for tag in twitter text: " + tag.prettify())
@ -342,6 +388,7 @@ def main(argv):
parser.add_argument('-p', metavar='<mastodon password>', action='store', required=True)
parser.add_argument('-r', action='store_true', help='Also post replies to other tweets')
parser.add_argument('-s', action='store_true', help='Suppress retweets')
parser.add_argument('-l', action='store_true', help='Remove link redirection')
parser.add_argument('-u', action='store_true', help='Remove trackers from URLs')
parser.add_argument('-v', action='store_true', help='Ingest twitter videos and upload to Mastodon instance')
parser.add_argument('-a', metavar='<max age (in days)>', action='store', type=float, default=1)
@ -357,6 +404,7 @@ def main(argv):
mast_password = args['p']
tweets_and_replies = args['r']
suppress_retweets = args['s']
remove_redir = args['l']
remove_trackers = args['u']
get_vids = args['v']
max_age = float(args['a'])
@ -383,6 +431,7 @@ def main(argv):
logging.info(' -m ' + mast_account)
logging.info(' -r ' + str(tweets_and_replies))
logging.info(' -s ' + str(suppress_retweets))
logging.info(' -l ' + str(remove_redir))
logging.info(' -u ' + str(remove_trackers))
logging.info(' -v ' + str(get_vids))
logging.info(' -a ' + str(max_age))
@ -426,7 +475,7 @@ def main(argv):
if tweets_and_replies:
url += '/with_replies'
# Download twitter page of user.
# Download twitter page of user
try:
twit_account_page = session.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=HTTPS_REQ_TIMEOUT)
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
@ -539,7 +588,7 @@ def main(argv):
tt_iter = status.find('div', class_='tweet-content media-body').children
# Process text of tweet
tweet_text += process_media_body(tt_iter, remove_trackers)
tweet_text += process_media_body(tt_iter, remove_redir, remove_trackers)
# Process quote: append link to tweet_text
quote_div = status.find('a', class_='quote-link')