Python/data_structures/linked_list/print_reverse.py

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from __future__ import annotations
from collections.abc import Iterable, Iterator
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Node:
data: int
next_node: Node | None = None
class LinkedList:
"""A class to represent a Linked List.
Use a tail pointer to speed up the append() operation.
"""
def __init__(self) -> None:
"""Initialize a LinkedList with the head node set to None.
>>> linked_list = LinkedList()
>>> (linked_list.head, linked_list.tail)
(None, None)
"""
self.head: Node | None = None
self.tail: Node | None = None # Speeds up the append() operation
def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[int]:
"""Iterate the LinkedList yielding each Node's data.
>>> linked_list = LinkedList()
>>> items = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
>>> linked_list.extend(items)
>>> tuple(linked_list) == items
True
"""
node = self.head
while node:
yield node.data
node = node.next_node
def __repr__(self) -> str:
"""Returns a string representation of the LinkedList.
>>> linked_list = LinkedList()
>>> str(linked_list)
''
>>> linked_list.append(1)
>>> str(linked_list)
'1'
>>> linked_list.extend([2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> str(linked_list)
'1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4 -> 5'
"""
return " -> ".join([str(data) for data in self])
def append(self, data: int) -> None:
"""Appends a new node with the given data to the end of the LinkedList.
>>> linked_list = LinkedList()
>>> str(linked_list)
''
>>> linked_list.append(1)
>>> str(linked_list)
'1'
>>> linked_list.append(2)
>>> str(linked_list)
'1 -> 2'
"""
if self.tail:
self.tail.next_node = self.tail = Node(data)
else:
self.head = self.tail = Node(data)
def extend(self, items: Iterable[int]) -> None:
"""Appends each item to the end of the LinkedList.
>>> linked_list = LinkedList()
>>> linked_list.extend([])
>>> str(linked_list)
''
>>> linked_list.extend([1, 2])
>>> str(linked_list)
'1 -> 2'
>>> linked_list.extend([3,4])
>>> str(linked_list)
'1 -> 2 -> 3 -> 4'
"""
for item in items:
self.append(item)
def make_linked_list(elements_list: Iterable[int]) -> LinkedList:
"""Creates a Linked List from the elements of the given sequence
(list/tuple) and returns the head of the Linked List.
>>> make_linked_list([])
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
Exception: The Elements List is empty
>>> make_linked_list([7])
7
>>> make_linked_list(['abc'])
abc
>>> make_linked_list([7, 25])
7 -> 25
"""
if not elements_list:
raise Exception("The Elements List is empty")
linked_list = LinkedList()
linked_list.extend(elements_list)
return linked_list
def in_reverse(linked_list: LinkedList) -> str:
"""Prints the elements of the given Linked List in reverse order
>>> in_reverse(LinkedList())
''
>>> in_reverse(make_linked_list([69, 88, 73]))
'73 <- 88 <- 69'
"""
return " <- ".join(str(line) for line in reversed(tuple(linked_list)))
if __name__ == "__main__":
from doctest import testmod
testmod()
linked_list = make_linked_list((14, 52, 14, 12, 43))
print(f"Linked List: {linked_list}")
print(f"Reverse List: {in_reverse(linked_list)}")