add Bilinear- and Bicubic-Interpolation

digital_image_processing/resize/resize.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """Multiple image resizing techniques"""
 
 import numpy as np
+import cv2
 from cv2 import destroyAllWindows, imread, imshow, waitKey
 
 
@@ -59,14 +60,115 @@ class NearestNeighbour:
         return int(self.ratio_y * y)
 
 
+class BilinearInterpolation:
+    """
+    Bilinear interpolation for image resizing.
+    Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear_interpolation
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, img, dst_width: int, dst_height: int):
+        if dst_width < 0 or dst_height < 0:
+            raise ValueError("Destination width/height should be > 0")
+
+        self.img = img
+        self.src_w = img.shape[1]
+        self.src_h = img.shape[0]
+        self.dst_w = dst_width
+        self.dst_h = dst_height
+
+        self.ratio_x = self.src_w / self.dst_w
+        self.ratio_y = self.src_h / self.dst_h
+
+        self.output = np.ones((self.dst_h, self.dst_w, 3), np.uint8) * 255
+
+    def process(self):
+        for i in range(self.dst_h):
+            for j in range(self.dst_w):
+                x = self.ratio_x * j
+                y = self.ratio_y * i
+
+                x1, y1 = int(x), int(y)
+                x2, y2 = min(x1 + 1, self.src_w - 1), min(y1 + 1, self.src_h - 1)
+
+                a = x - x1
+                b = y - y1
+
+                top = (1 - a) * self.img[y1][x1] + a * self.img[y1][x2]
+                bottom = (1 - a) * self.img[y2][x1] + a * self.img[y2][x2]
+                self.output[i][j] = (1 - b) * top + b * bottom
+
+
+class BicubicInterpolation:
+    """
+    Bicubic interpolation for image resizing.
+    Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicubic_interpolation
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, img, dst_width: int, dst_height: int):
+        if dst_width < 0 or dst_height < 0:
+            raise ValueError("Destination width/height should be > 0")
+
+        self.img = img
+        self.src_w = img.shape[1]
+        self.src_h = img.shape[0]
+        self.dst_w = dst_width
+        self.dst_h = dst_height
+
+        self.ratio_x = self.src_w / self.dst_w
+        self.ratio_y = self.src_h / self.dst_h
+
+        self.output = np.ones((self.dst_h, self.dst_w, 3), np.uint8) * 255
+
+    def cubic(self, x):
+        abs_x = abs(x)
+        if abs_x <= 1:
+            return 1.5 * abs_x**3 - 2.5 * abs_x**2 + 1
+        elif abs_x < 2:
+            return -0.5 * abs_x**3 + 2.5 * abs_x**2 - 4 * abs_x + 2
+        else:
+            return 0
+
+    def interpolate(self, x, y, channel):
+        x1 = int(x)
+        y1 = int(y)
+        total = 0.0
+        for m in range(-1, 3):
+            for n in range(-1, 3):
+                xm = min(max(x1 + m, 0), self.src_w - 1)
+                yn = min(max(y1 + n, 0), self.src_h - 1)
+                weight = self.cubic(m - (x - x1)) * self.cubic(n - (y - y1))
+                total += self.img[yn, xm, channel] * weight
+        return np.clip(total, 0, 255)
+
+    def process(self):
+        for i in range(self.dst_h):
+            for j in range(self.dst_w):
+                x = self.ratio_x * j
+                y = self.ratio_y * i
+                for c in range(3):  # For each color channel (R, G, B)
+                    self.output[i, j, c] = self.interpolate(x, y, c)
+
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     dst_w, dst_h = 800, 600
     im = imread("image_data/lena.jpg", 1)
-    n = NearestNeighbour(im, dst_w, dst_h)
-    n.process()
 
-    imshow(
-        f"Image resized from: {im.shape[1]}x{im.shape[0]} to {dst_w}x{dst_h}", n.output
-    )
+    # Nearest Neighbour
+    nn = NearestNeighbour(im, dst_w, dst_h)
+    nn.process()
+    imshow(f"Nearest Neighbor: {dst_w}x{dst_h}", nn.output)
     waitKey(0)
+
+    # Bilinear Interpolation
+    bi = BilinearInterpolation(im, dst_w, dst_h)
+    bi.process()
+    imshow(f"Bilinear Interpolation: {dst_w}x{dst_h}", bi.output)
+    waitKey(0)
+
+    # Bicubic Interpolation
+    bc = BicubicInterpolation(im, dst_w, dst_h)
+    bc.process()
+    imshow(f"Bicubic Interpolation: {dst_w}x{dst_h}", bc.output)
+    waitKey(0)
+
     destroyAllWindows()