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98 lines
3.4 KiB
Python
98 lines
3.4 KiB
Python
# source - The ARRL Handbook for Radio Communications
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# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RL_circuit
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"""
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Description
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-----------
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Inductor is a passive electronic device which stores energy but unlike capacitor, it
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stores energy in its 'magnetic field' or 'magnetostatic field'.
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When inductor is connected to 'DC' current source nothing happens it just works like a
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wire because it's real effect cannot be seen while 'DC' is connected, its not even
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going to store energy. Inductor stores energy only when it is working on 'AC' current.
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Connecting a inductor in series with a resistor(when R = 0) to a 'AC' potential source,
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from zero to a finite value causes a sudden voltage to induced in inductor which
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opposes the current. which results in initially slowly current rise. However it would
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cease if there is no further changes in current. With resistance zero current will never
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stop rising.
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'Resistance(ohms) / Inductance(henrys)' is known as RL-timeconstant. It also represents
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as τ (tau). While the charging of a inductor with a resistor results in
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a exponential function.
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when inductor is connected across 'AC' potential source. It starts to store the energy
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in its 'magnetic field'.with the help 'RL-time-constant' we can find current at any time
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in inductor while it is charging.
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"""
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from math import exp # value of exp = 2.718281828459…
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def charging_inductor(
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source_voltage: float, # source_voltage should be in volts.
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resistance: float, # resistance should be in ohms.
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inductance: float, # inductance should be in henrys.
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time: float, # time should in seconds.
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) -> float:
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"""
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Find inductor current at any nth second after initiating its charging.
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Examples
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--------
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=5.8,resistance=1.5,inductance=2.3,time=2)
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2.817
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=8,resistance=5,inductance=3,time=2)
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1.543
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=8,resistance=5*pow(10,2),inductance=3,time=2)
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0.016
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=-8,resistance=100,inductance=15,time=12)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Source voltage must be positive.
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=80,resistance=-15,inductance=100,time=5)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Resistance must be positive.
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=12,resistance=200,inductance=-20,time=5)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Inductance must be positive.
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=0,resistance=200,inductance=20,time=5)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Source voltage must be positive.
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=10,resistance=0,inductance=20,time=5)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Resistance must be positive.
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>>> charging_inductor(source_voltage=15, resistance=25, inductance=0, time=5)
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Traceback (most recent call last):
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...
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ValueError: Inductance must be positive.
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"""
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if source_voltage <= 0:
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raise ValueError("Source voltage must be positive.")
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if resistance <= 0:
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raise ValueError("Resistance must be positive.")
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if inductance <= 0:
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raise ValueError("Inductance must be positive.")
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return round(
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source_voltage / resistance * (1 - exp((-time * resistance) / inductance)), 3
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)
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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import doctest
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doctest.testmod()
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