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* add prefix sum
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* Refactor bottom-up function to be class method
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* feat: Binary tree node sum (#7020)
* feat: Sum of all nodes in binary tree explanation (#7020)
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* refactor: Change replace method with `__iter__` overriding (#7020)
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* renames prime functions and occurances in comments
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* Fix type annotations for linked_stack.py
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* [mypy] Fix type annotation in euler_method.py
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* New solution for Euler problem 67
A faster and memory efficient solution based on the template of sol1.py.
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No conditions and straightforward logic.
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Preferring comprehensions over map
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* Fixed extra line
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* Financial: principle -> principal
The originally invested amount of money: `principal`
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* Fix validate_initial_digits of credit_card_validator.py
@Bhargavishnu I think that I broke the logic of validate_initial_digits which should require that credit_card_number[0] is 3 before checking that credit_card_number[1] is 4, 5, or 7. Please verify the new changes and the new test cases to make sure that this is correct. Thanks!
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* fix: fix mypy errors
Update binary_search_tree `arr` argument to be typed as a list
within `find_kth_smallest` function
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* Remove exception detail from doctest
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* Update and rename check_valid_ip_address.py to is_ip_v4_address_valid.py
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* [ ] an octet much bigger than 255
* [ ] an octet is negative
* [ ] number of octets is less than 4
* [ ] number of octets is greater than 4
* [ ] an octet is a letter
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* boruvka.py: A few simplifications and f-strings
Python f-strings simplify the code and [should speed up execution](https://www.scivision.dev/python-f-string-speed).
@srkchowdary2000 Your review, please.
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* Added the matrix_exponentiation.py file in maths directory
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* # type: ignore
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* Hacktoberfest: Add greedy_coin_change.py file
added the file in greedy_methods folder to implement the same method
Altered the code according to the changes that were requested.
* Added doctests.
doctests added to the function find_minimum_change.
* Added Greedy change file in Maths folder.
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* Deleted Greedy Method Folder
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* fix: black formatting issues
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* Add graham scan algorithm
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* Added solution for Project Euler problem 107
* Doctests and better variable names
* Type hints
* Small edits
* Forward reference for typing hint
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